I am picking up a laptop for work and will use it mostly for Zoom calls, Slack chats, MS Office applications, OneDrive cloud storage, and web browsing. I can't justify the $2K for the 14" MBP (as much as I would like a dedicated HDMI port) so I am looking at the refurbished 13" Air/MBP's and they only have an $80 difference once configured.
Question is which is a better machine for light office duties? The Air with 16GB RAM has only 7 GPU cores while the MBP has 8GB RAM but 8 GPU's. I read that GPU's are more important and given my lighter needs, RAM may not be an issue?
Until very recently I actually had the M1 MBA with 16GB and 7 GPU cores and used it as my daily driver for one year.
I now use a 14" M1 Max MBP with 32 GPU cores. So I think I can speak from a place of experience when I say, get the 16GB of ram (the MBA) over the extra GPU core (the MBP.)
Even if you game or have another use case that can make good use of the GPU, 16GB > 1 GPU Core. For reference, the 7C GPU delivers roughly 92% of the performance of the 8C model (despite only having 87.5% of the theoretical compute.)
An 8% difference is barely noticeable and just slightly outside the margin of error. Even factoring in 3-5+ years of use, it's unlikely you'll ever say "if only I had 8 GPU cores..."
I can almost guarantee however that if you opt for only 8GB of ram you'll easily run into situations TODAY where you'll be kicking yourself for not getting more ram (let alone 3-5 years from now when memory requirements have bloated.) If you run out of ram, you'll see way more than an 8% drop in performance, and it will honestly limit everything you do.
That said, do note the difference between the M1 MBA and 13" M1 MBP is more than just that GPU core. The Pro is heavier, but has a bigger battery and better cooling and thus can last longer and has better performance under sustained heavy load. While you can modify the MBA to have similar performance, there is no getting around the MBP's better battery life. That said, honestly speaking even the MBA has god tier battery life. If I had to choose between the two machines you've listed, I'd go with the MBA every time.