On 9/12 iTunes(?) modified the tags on 80% of my library. It was not a complete disaster (the song names/albums remained intact) but where I had tagged a song as 1 of 11 it was now just 1. The album art was messed up on some files, and songs I was sure that I had seem to be missing.
Does anybody have any idea what could have caused this?
Maybe somehow your iTunes Library Data (iTunes folder) file was deleted and the songs were hastily reimported, losing all of their modified tags.
In the iTunes folder, is there a data file with the suffix (old) or something like that (maybe previous)? If you quit iTunes, take the current data file out of that folder, rename the old one to what the current one was called and then reopen iTunes, this may help.
ahh, now i see. You were probably affected by the iTunes bug, for a small number of users the upgrade to 5.0 played havoc with their libraries. A fix was issued (5.0.1) a few days later but the damage was already done.