It sounds like the one you got has a 256gb SSD installed as the internal drive.
A friend got a 2017 (new at the time), same configuration (he doesn't use much storage space).
I wouldn't try to replace the internal SSD -- it uses a proprietary design and the replacement process isn't an easy one.
If you need more storage, I'd recommend an external USB3.1 gen2 SSD, plugged into one of the USBc ports on the back. You want to use USBc (not the USB3 "a" ports) because you can get USB3.1 gen with USBc, which is twice as fast as you would through the "a" ports.
I'd be looking at something like this:
Amazon.com: samsung t7 shield 1tb
www.amazon.com
Something important to remember when using an external drive as "primary/external" storage:
You now have TWO drives that need to be backed up:
- internal SSD
and
- external SSD
With a small internal drive and a medium-sized external (such as 1tb), I would get a 2tb platter-based 2.5" drive, put it into a USB3 case, and then partition it into two "pieces", with each partition containing a backup.
For a drive, I'd recommend either Toshiba or HGST (formerly Hitachi).
For an external enclosure, I'd suggest:
ORICO 2.5'' USB C External Hard Drive Enclosure, SATA 3.0 to USB 3.1 Gen2 6Gbps Case for 2.5 Inch HDD/SSD Support Max 6TB with UASP Tool Free(2189C3)
www.amazon.com
I use either SuperDuper or CarbonCopyCloner for backups.
Much better than time machine, in my opinion.