I don’t see any throttling in your screenshot. It looks to me like a mainly GPU-driven workload. Both the utilization and the power draw of the CPU are very low. To sum it up: your CPU is not throttling, it is just not being used nearly as much as you suspect.
P.S. there was a spike of CPU activity in the middle, showing low-core utilization with high turbo boost. Again, looks to me like everything works just as it should.
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I believe there was probably at least a dozen articles and video covering the thermals of the i9 MacBooks.
A dozen of those complaining about thermals while not showing any evidence of throttling
the only ones that actually show throttling behavior were early in the day when the MBP has a power management bug - it was fixed in less then two weeks but some people didn’t get the memo as it seems.
The 15” MBP performs within the official spec. The 16” performs above the spec. That’s about it.