are the apps in the apps folder? i mean, your doc looks ok. is this just launchpad that's acting up? or are the apps all showing the line/circle icon over them in the apps folder itself?
try searching for one of the apps. i've seen some weird path issues (in catalina); a plugin i installed was not showing in the library, but if i searched for it (with 'find any file') it showed... in the library.
if you're staying with big sur... reinstall the OS, since you'd want the newer versions of apple's apps. good luck!