DreamPod: Yes, the product name was already set in the "Target MyApp Info" -> Build -> Product Name. That took care of most things.
dejo: For the actual name to appear under the icon, however, it was as you said the Bundle display name. I changed both "Bundle display name" and "Bundle name". I must have thought that it should say ${MyApp} instead of just MyApp here, which messed up things.
I still have ${EXECUTABLE_NAME} in the "Executable file" in the Info.plist, though. Should I change that too to MyApp?