If you need portability, that adds another problem... but first your questions...
Optical media is DVDs or CDs, called so because they are read by a laser (hence optical). After these media are burnt, there is no chance of data being corrupted unless the disc is physically damaged (in a fire or something like that) since they are not magnetic like hard drives.
Dealing with RAID is not difficult, Disk Utility in Applications/Utilities will allow you to set up RAID configurations. Open the Help file after opening Disk Utility and it will give you a lot of details.
Here's an example:
Protecting your data against hardware failure with a mirrored RAID set
If you want to protect your data against a disk failure, you can create a mirrored RAID set, also called RAID 1. In a mirrored RAID set, your data is written to two or more disks at once. If the one of the disks fails or is disconnected, your computer automatically starts using one of the other disks. You'll experience minimal interruption and no data loss.
Note that mirroring protects you only from hardware failure and not from user errors or software corruption. If you delete a file, it's deleted from the mirror as well. If software corrupts a file, it's corrupted on the mirror as well.
Also, a Google search for RAID should give you a ton of results helping you understand the basics.
It sounds to me like your best option will probably be to invest in a few external hard drives since you need portability and a lot of disk space.
LaCie makes external hard drives that hold 1 terabyte (1000 GBs) or 1.5 TB. These drives have FW800, FW400, and USB 2.0 interfaces, so you could use them with pretty much any Mac.
Here's the 1TB version. Its not cheap, but its cheaper than buying several smaller hard drives.
http://www.macmall.com/macmall/shop/detail~dpno~356797.asp
Keep in mind that mirroring will require twice the disk space, so you'd need two of these morrored to have 1TB of storage. Hope this helps.