I ...
... think Vista installation creates a small partition, which very likely has destroyed critical parts of your OSX system files.
You may want to try this:
1. Boot of an external OSX drive or the system DVD in single user mode (keep "s" pressed during booting)
2. Run the "Terminal" application
3. We assume you installed OSX on partition 1, Windows 7 on partition 2: Enter the command
sudo fdisk -e /dev/rdisk0
flag 1
quit
Reboot now and see if OSX comes back to life.
At this point, if nothing happens, it would be the best to do an "archive and install" from your OSX DVD to recreate the bootable state of OSX (you also could install "over the top", if you are brave - worked everytime for me, at least). You need to reapply system and security updates, though.
Generally speaking, in dual or triple boot situations (from one single harddrive) it is always best to install OSX the last system. The best would be to physically separate the systems and keep OSX save from other ones.
As you lost your boot system, it is time to think of a clone copy of your boot system on an external firewire based harddrive, so you can use it to repair any mishappenings.