From Apple’s iPhone battery page (linked in the battery section of your iPhone)
“If you have Charge Limit set to less than 100 percent, your iPhone will occasionally charge to 100 percent to maintain accurate battery state-of-charge estimates.”
I setup a shortcut that tells me when the phone is at 85% so when it goes past the set 80% I can pull it off the charger. It happens every so often so it hasn't been an issue in my case