I'd be surprised if a software update could do anything other than what Coolbook is doing.
Core shutdowns come from the CPU overheating. The CPU has two processing cores. If things get too hot, it shuts one of them down to let things cool off a bit. The alternative is letting the heat rise to the point where something breaks, so this is actually a cool feature ;-)
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Possibly, but I disagree. I think there is quite a bit of speculation about whether software updates since the MBA release has stopped cores shutting down. Some people say yes , some say no. Most people who are interested in this issue go the re-application of heatsink paste+Coolbook route and viola! problem solved.
But one thing has been determined previously and that is that heat is NOT the factor which determines whether the cores shutdown. It has been discussed in some older threads (i.e. 'Be gone! noisy Macbook Air') or for further proof you can look at this old screen capture of mine.
http://img87.imageshack.us/my.php?image=picture1ij7.png
(showing core shutdowns at low temps- 65C). Core shut downs are a feature of the chip, however, this has been poorly implemented under native software and the fact that the factory cakes thermal paste in an inefficient manner does not help either.
Since I went the re-application of AS-5 + Coolbook, I cannot say whether software updates have improved CPU functions. But I have noticed a lot of improvement in battery life and lower temperatures.
For example I am using this computer on my bed now ( vents are covered over), 2500RPM, 50C about 4 hours battery expected. No problems. This is an older MBA (a week 9 manufacture) it's had 109 battery cycles.
Original Poster:
Also your post doesn't make much sense the HDD is only a 4200 rpm, it's either stopped or going 4200 rpm, there is no other option - assuming of course you have the HD MBA and not the SSD ,right !! :/
I think you are getting your CPU cooling fan confused with your HDD spin rate.
But in answer to your original question. I think yes , the CPU core shutdowns can be fixed via software. I think you can buy an MBA with confidence.