I just wonder why there are NO GPUs on the market with TB3 output. Is there any reason for that?
While Thunderbolt was primarily controlled by Intel and Intel had a dominate portion of the overall GPU market ( extremely skewed to the iGPU side but in terms of numbers/volume quite high) the smaller players really didn't want to give Intel more leverage. AMD engaged in a couple of "anti Thunderbolt" campaigns so there was about zero chance they'd add it to their base reference designs. Nvidia was basically in the same boat. (the Smartphone focused GPUs really had about zero need for Thunderbolt ).
Additionally it also raised bandwidth requirements to the card ( e.g. pragmatically would need to trim some subset of x4 PCI-e from the x8-16 feed to the card ).
Finally, the rigid dogma that add in cards had to be constrained to 1980's vintage style connector physical form factors.
Three reversals coming over next several years.
1. More bandwidth to card PCI-e v4/5 leaves options of more to share.
2. Much of Thunderbolt infrastructure has been handed off to USB-IF. ( So Intel (and Apple) isn't the only primary driver. ( USB4 coming. Probably not mainstream discount cards but wired headsets would have a broader standard. and broader iGPU adoption eventually. )
3. DisplayPort picked up the infrastructure to create a close derivative.
https://vesa.org/press/vesa-publish...-for-4k-hdr-and-virtual-reality-applications/
Might it be that Nvidia wanted to release them and Apple blocked this by ending Nvidia support on macOS?
ROTFLMAO .... errr no. Nvidia was about last most of DisplayPort iterations. They aren't trying to do it all. They were behind a semi-proprietary link that also 'forked' off of USB Type C physical connector call
Virtual Link. all the while after the work that Intel and Apple primary did for USB-IF was plain as day already underway.
Nvidia isn't ahead of the TB on card curve here at all. They've been engaged at throwing curve balls at it.
[ which again isn't going to get them a friendly Christmas card from Apple for "best partner of the year" sentiments. It is more so just digging a deeper hole. ]
If there were TB3 GPUs on the market, the 5,1s out there would get another boost to survive some more years.
Outside of cute hacks that "happen to work" if don't blow on them too hard, the 5,1 lacks basic support need for the three inputs a fully supported TB add in card needs. ( GPIO , PCI-e , and Display).
Booting into Windows and then into macOS isn't something Apple is going to sign off on drivers on. Or stuff card in but don't generate any hot plug-unplug (TB network reconfiguration events ) . ... Apple isn't going to sign off on those either. A "as long as you don't blow on it too hard " hacks aren't likely to get elevated to supported configurations.