You may be on the right track...
Here's what I often do when I find my Mac behaving in ways that I consider not normal:
(I don't use any of the "dead cat voodoo", just the standard Mac stuff

)
Reinstall the OS X combined updater. You can download the most current one for Mavericks from
here...
That might not install, due to more recent updates for Mavericks that MIGHT block out the combined updater. I don't know that for sure, you would need to try it.
If the combo updater can't install, the system will tell you that the installer won't install on your system. In that case, you could reinstall Mavericks. You would not lose anything, as an OS X reinstall will redo all parts of your existing installed system, and you may end up with a better working system.
There are a variety of methods to reinstall Mavericks:
As you are still running Mavericks, you can boot to your recovery system and run Reinstall OS X, which will then download all the correct system files.
You can also boot to Internet Restore, and (Assuming it originally came with Mavericks) the OS X reinstall would also offer Mavericks.
Or, if you purchased Mavericks through the App Store at some point, you can also download the Mavericks installer app from your Purchased tab. That's the best way to get it, as you can then create a bootable drive (an 8GB USB flash drive is ideal for this) from that downloaded installer app. And, you can keep that installer to use whenever you need it.