What
@iStorm said.
Getting dates from text can be hit or miss in Shortcuts, even when what seems to be a valid format. For example, I have some code that processes timestamp values, "yyyyMMddhhmmss", and Get Dates will choke on that.
Per the description in the Format Date action and within Date objects themselves, Shortcuts are supposed to support date/time formats in RFC 2822, ISO 8601, or Unicode Technical Standard #35. Can look up those standards but what it basically boils down to is something like "1:15pm". Or in the above, "2024-08-24 09:30:05" would work.