What is going on is that the battery is too degraded. Hence what happens is several things:
- The charge at the low end (when at low charge level) is too low to keep voltage or amps pumping at the required rate of usage.
- iOS and MacOS never actually know how many mAHrs are left in a battery. They can only do some mathematical guesswork to estimate a percentage of charge left. Hence, a degraded battery might be to tricky for the battery percentage algorithm to give you an accurate reading
- When the battery is degraded voltage tends to drop when there is low power left. As a result, a safety feature kicks in to save the CPU from running in under-voltage environment which can damage a CPU.
My suggestion? If you want to keep using the same iPad, call Apple and see if they can replace the battery. Else, wait and see what the new iPad Minis come out like.
Hope this helps!