I think it depends on your use habits.
This article shows only a slight real world advantage for fast charging. There are better wired options if your goal is to get as much juice as possible in the shortest amount of time possible.
Personally I think the better strategy for the money is to buy a couple of 5W wireless chargers and keep them in places where your iPhone is typically idle. I have this 5W Anker wireless charging stand on my nightstand. Since it's there overnight, it doesn't matter at all that it is a 5W vs a 7.5W.
https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B0753Z4PGC/ref=oh_aui_detailpage_o00_s00?ie=UTF8&psc=1
It was only $21, so I will probably get a second one for the office. I currently keep my iPhone X on a $6 stand at the office. I like having it on a stand vs a flat charging pad, because I can just look at the phone to unlock and see notifications. I haven't ordered a second charging stand yet because so far I haven't needed it. My iPhone X still has 20% or more at the end of the day.
I think wireless charging is a very nice convenience. Fast charging can warm things up more than 5W charging, but probably not enough to affect the long term life of the battery or the other internal components. The articles I have read say the best thing for a Lithium Ion battery is to avoid huge swings. It's not good to run it down to fumes and then charge it up full every day, so given that a slow wireless charger makes a lot of sense. If you can conveniently charge it at your desk, then it might keep the battery mostly charged in that upper range. Battery experts also say you probably shouldn't worry too much about this stuff and just do what is most convenient to you.
My opinion in short:
1) Probably won't damage the battery or the phone, but will generate more heat than 5W.
2) Not much faster than 5W brick charger or 5W wireless
3) Yes... wireless charging is very convenient! That said you don't need an expensive $50 charger. Even my $21 5W wireless charger cost more than a lot of them out there. I like Anker's products though, and they provide good support. From a convenience perspective, having a couple of strategically places 5W chargers is probably better than one 7.5W charger. I would start with a single 5W and see if that meets your needs. You can always get a second.