A growing number of users have been reporting that Location Services on the device is spontaneously setting itself to Off sporadically after the latest Pangu jailbreak. Of course, the repercussion of that is that apps are no longer able to access location data from the device.
Thankfully, there is a fix.
Install "libLocation":
Step 1: Launch Cydia on the jailbroken device.
Step 2: Use the built-in search functionality in Cydia to search for the libLocation package.
Step 3: Install it! Worked for me and should work for you.