OP:
VERY important question:
How are you connecting to the display?
IF you are connecting with an HDMI cable, try a "minidisplayport (Mac end) to displayport (display end)" connecting cable instead.
(Or an equivalent would be "minidisplayport (Mac end) to minidisplayport (display end)" cable.)
Seems to me that the Dell has both displayport -and- minidisplayport inputs, right?
As it is now, the MBP thinks it's connecting to a television display, NOT to a computer display. You can tell this because you're seeing 1080p, 720p, etc. in the display preference pane.
If the display preference panes just "gives you numbers" (such as 1920x1080), then you know the MBP is "seeing" the display "as a computer display".