I'm pretty sure the two USB ports are running off the same bus -- meaning they share power.
1) Are you doing this off battery power or with a power adapter for the Macbook?
2) Why do you need a receiver for your keyboard? Isn't it compatible with the built-in bluetooth?
3) As for the drive, I take it that it's one that runs off of bus power instead of having a power supply?
Is this a setup that you carry around with you? Or can you just buy an inexpensive powered hub and keep the two USB devices on it?
The DVI port shouldn't be a big issue in all of this... in clamshell mode the computer shouldn't be expending much more energy doing video than it is when it's open, if it's not in fact expending less.
(and loose all my data on the drive)
You lost me with this part. What does it mean to "loose" data? Are you saying that you
lose the data (meaning the disk became corrupted), or are you saying that you gain access to it (meaning you mounted it)? It's certainly possible to lose data on an external disk if you unplug it without unmounting it, although it doesn't *always* happen. But I'm not sure how that has anything to do with the rest of what you're describing.