...But I see that Catalina is the newest OS that my computer can handle, so why is that online notice saying to update to 11.0? What (negative) changes can I expect if I just stick with my 10.15.7? Thank you.
10.15 has been out of support for almost two years. If you want to unofficially install Big Sur or later on this machine, there's a tool called OpenCore Legacy Patcher.