I recently installed OpenCore & Monterey on my Mac Pro and could not get the volume names to appear properly in the boot picker screen. This post was really helpful in getting me started - so many thanks to @JedNZ for putting together. Here is the updated version & what worked for me in Monterey. Also - please bear in mind I am not a Terminal wizard . . .
- Disable SIP: in the past, that was pretty straightforward. However, with Open Core I had to use the settings at Open Core patcher to get this done. Once, I changed the name of my volumes, I re-enabled SIP, as I got some weird behavior (monitors going in and out) with SIP disabled
- Mount the Preboot partition of your boot volume: @JedNZ has great instructions on how to do this - check his post
- Make invisible files visible by hitting Command + Shift + .
- Navigate to Computer name -> Disk you would like to change name -> System -> Volumes -> Prebook -> Entry with multiple numbers/digits -> System -> Library -> Core Services and drop the invisible file ".disk_label.contentDetails" to a text editor. Change the text to whatever you would like and save it