I no longer use a Mac but I wonder if you have explored these possibilities as more automated ways of doing what you want (i.e. avoiding manually exporting albums to folders)?:
1. Picassa desktop. If I remember correctly, this used to be able to read and selectively sync iPhoto libraries to Picassa web. You could then view these via the Google+ app. I can't remember if this was able to sync iPhoto albums or if it was limited to just events, and I don't know if it still works now iPhoto has been replaced with Photos app.
2. DoubleTwist. I used to use this for syncing stuff between Mac and Android, but can't remember if it supported photo albums.
3. Automator. I'm wondering if it is possible to setup an automator action to export your Photos albums to Dropbox (or something similar). The dropbox folders could then by viewed on your Android phone.
Although I no longer use a Mac, I'm interested in what is the best way to sync Mac Photos app/iCloud Photos with Android because I have friends who might benefit.
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One more question. I seem to remember iPhoto was able to upload (maybe even sync) albums to Flickr. You could then use the Flickr app to view your albums on Android. Are you able to do this with the new Photos app?