OP, the entire printer landscape has devolved into a mess where greed has driven design & development to poor places. I wish someone would build a printer with 100% focus on "what's best for customers" instead of working every possible angle to maximize present & future revenue for themselves.
If you are in a hurry to print only ONE document, export it to a USB stick and visit a local print shop or office store and print it on their professional equipment. You might even be able to email it. They will charge only a few dollars and you should get a perfect print.
If your needs are such that you only need to print on occasion, that can be the best general printing option in 2024.
If you have regular print jobs and thus actually need your own printer, you've got good advice in this thread already. The most fundamental issue is you are wanting "cheapest" which dooms a pursuit of a quality product... paired with "but good" which is wide open to individual interpretation as to what "good" means.
Basically though, "cheapest" is going to get printers loaded up with ways for the manufacturer to make their profit later... which gets you locked down printer parts, ink sources with chips so that you can only get it from manufacturer (at higher than market rates), etc. Pay up into more premium printers and you can filter out some-to-much of the "cheap" printer shenanigans.
If printing on your own printer is very important to you, perhaps change your perspective and buy like a business buys a printer. You might spend an iPhone price or two or more for one but it will lift you out of the swamp of self-serving tricks & hooks built into those where retail price dominates the proposition. In short: you get what you pay for.
Recommendation: use a local print shop for the urgently-needed medical doc print job. Then dig into online reviews for a good business-caliber printer if you want to avoid the nonsense of cheaply-priced consumer models.