h1kar1,
You know the program causing the traffic: screensharingd.
I'm not sure if it's Active or Passive sockets, in that both connections send/recieve on that single port 5900 or the return port varies on screensharingd selecting an upper level port. Either case, this should be blocked by the firewall since you've limited down to certain IPs?
Since the daemon is calling the connection, I would think this would be inbound traffic, instead of the client:
/System/Library/CoreServices/Screen Sharing.app/Contents/MacOS/Screen Sharing
You could try off porting... Looking at the plist, it might just be changing the port listed.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
<key>Disabled</key>
<true/>
<key>EnableTransactions</key>
<true/>
<key>GroupName</key>
<string>wheel</string>
<key>Label</key>
<string>com.apple.screensharing</string>
<key>MachServices</key>
<dict>
<key>com.apple.screensharing.server</key>
<dict>
<key>HideUntilCheckIn</key>
<true/>
<key>ResetAtClose</key>
<true/>
</dict>
</dict>
<key>ProgramArguments</key>
<array>
<string>/System/Library/CoreServices/RemoteManagement/screensharingd.bundle/Contents/MacOS/screensharingd</string>
</array>
<key>Sockets</key>
<dict>
<key>Listener</key>
<dict>
<key>Bonjour</key>
<string>rfb</string>
<key>SockServiceName</key>
<string>vnc-server</string>
</dict>
</dict>
<key>UserName</key>
<string>root</string>
<key>SHAuthorizationRight</key>
<string>system.preferences</string>
</dict>
</plist>