What was wrong with the pre OSX days?
There was a lot wrong with the pre-OS X days. The now defunct "Classic" Mac OS had successor problems beginning in mid-1980's that lasted until Mac OS X was released in 2001.
Let's take a trip down memory lane:
There's "Pink" (1986), Apple's attempt in the mid-1980's to create an object-oriented next generation operating system to succeed System 6. Pink faced development hell and was eventually sold to IBM. IBM renamed it Taligent and briefly sold it in the mid-1990's. By 1998, IBM abandoned it.
There's "Blue" (1986), Apple's other attempt to succeed System 6. It was supposed to ship in 1989, but also faced development hell. It finally shipped in 1991 as System 7.
There's "Star Trek" (1992), Apple's attempt with Novell to port Mac OS 7 to Intel processors. Star Trek was killed when Sculley resigned as CEO, and its resources were put into "Capone."
There's "Capone" (1994), which became known as System 7.5. Unexpectedly, System 7.5 became Apple's answer to Windows 95. It ended up serving as the primary operating system until mid-1997.
There's "Copland" (1994), Apple's second attempt at creating a next generation operating system. It also faced development hell and despite hype from Apple's management, never succeeded in becoming an actual product. Copland was such a miserable failure, Gil Amelio killed it in 1996 after almost three years of development. Instead, Amelio went hunting for a outside operating system to replace the aging Mac OS.
There's BeOS, run by former Apple executive Jean-Louis Gassée, who was partly responsible for the failed Copland project. Gassée wanted 200 million for BeOS, but Apple was only willing to pay 125 million. Therefore, the Apple board killed the deal.
There's NeXT, Steve Jobs' troubled rebound company he created after being fired from Apple. NeXT had a next generation operating system based on NeXTSTEP known as OpenStep. Apple's board paid some 400 million dollars to acquire NeXT and Steve Jobs returned to the company as an adviser.
Apple announced that it would ship an operating release every six months until its next generation operating system was released.
There's "Harmony/Mac OS 7.6)" (1997) - Mac OS 7.6 was the first Mac OS to drop the System moniker. Additionally, it added new underpinnings that would later be reintroduced in "Tempo."
There's "Tempo/Mac OS 8" (1997), originally named System 7.7, "Tempo" was initially a minor update to System 7.6. However, since Copland was killed and OpenStep wasn't a shipping product, Amelio decided to market System 7.7 as Mac OS 8. Mac OS 8 shipped in mid-1997 just days after Steve Jobs orchestrated a board room coup to fire Amelio. Amelio resigned days later.
There's "Rhapsody" (1997), the next generation version of OpenStep that was to replace Mac OS 8. This again faced development hell as Apple and NeXT engineers ported OpenStep to the Mac platform. Rhapsody included a new Mac-like GUI and additional features that were not part of NeXTSTEP or OpenStep. At this point in time, Rhapsody was expected to be a consumer OS.
There's "Allegro/Mac OS 8.5", (1998), since Rhapsody wasn't ready, Apple went ahead and shipped a minor update to Mac OS 8. "Allegro" became Mac OS 8.5. It introduced support for GUI themes (although no built-in themes shipped with the final release). It also included additional performance improvements and a new search application known as a Sherlock.
There's "Rhapsody" again (1998), Steve Jobs announced that Rhapsody would ship as Mac OS Server 1.0 and to much surprise and disappointment there would be no consumer version of the operating system. This was likely because developers did not want to rewrite their applications in Yellow Box (what became Cocoa since Carbon didn’t exist yet) and the “Blue Box” environment in Rhapsody wasn’t up to consumer standards. Instead Rhapsody development would be forked into "Darwin" the underlying open source operating system that would become the basis for Mac OS X. Apple would later announce that they’re adding a stop-gap API, known as Carbon, and a more user-friendly “Blue Box” known as the “Classic Environment” to Mac OS X to appease developers. And that Mac OS X would be a consumer release.
Finally, there's "Sonata/Mac OS 9" (1999), While internally positioned as a stop-gap between OS 8.6 and Mac OS X, it was billed as a major release. Mac OS 9 was the first Mac OS operating system to be heavily marketed since Mac OS 8. It introduced features such as Keychain, Software Update, VoicePrint password, Sherlock 2 and the original version of Apple's online web services known as "iTools.”
9.2.2 was released in December 2001 to finish off the classic Mac OS operating system. In May 2002, Steve Jobs announced Apple had ceased development on Mac OS 9 and all future development would be on Mac OS X.
In conclusion, classic Mac OS was hell and took forever to get away from.
Looking back, it's amazing at how many different directions Apple and the Mac could have went if some of their failed replacement operating system projects had just worked out.
Oh well. Some 12 years later, we finally got our next generation Mac OS.