Not sure if "capacity" means drive bays or disks. Again it might be cheaper to purchase a low capacity unit and replace the drives with larger ones. Pegasus drives are a bit of a pain to replace as they are screwed to the carriers, but after a few changes you get the hang of it. The Pegasus utility takes a bit of understanding, and may take a long time to do the format - > 24 hours for very large arrays. However once setup you never have to look at the utility again, assuming no failures.
Pegasus units are often shipped to your directly from the factory rather than the dealer so I'm unsure how to actually determine when an order would be shipping. Guess you would have to trust the dealer.
Thunderbay devices (I have 2) use SoftRaid, which is a software solution. As it resides on your main system it is subject to system software issues. A NAS unit or a Pegasus are pretty much independent of the main system since they have their own cpus and operating systems or firmware. You only have to worry about drivers.
In terms of reliability I would rate them, best to worst order, Pegasus, NAS, OWC or any other software RAID solution. I had a lot of Softraid problems with a Thunderbay 8, but this was with the beta of version 6. It does seem to work OK now, but after my experiences it does make me nervous so I don't count on it.
You might want to look at the Drobo 5D also, a direct connect Thunderbolt solution that has the drive flexibility of a NAS. I have had a number of failures (covered under Warranty or DroboCare) so am going to sell mine.
Hard drive reliability has improved significantly. See the latest Backblaze drive report:
By September 30, 2021, Backblaze was managing a whopping 194,749 drives. Here’s a deeper look into the SSD and HDD drive stats for Q3 2021 at Backblaze.
www.backblaze.com
Not sure since I haven't tried it. With the Pegasus when you create a logical drive you specify a RAID level. If you need a lot of logical drives and you want raid 5 for each you would need have 3 x #logical drives disk slots. After setting up a Pegasus I go years without looking at it so maybe someone else can better answer this question.
As far as JBOD goes by definition each JBOD drive is a logical, mountable drive. Would not have redundancy.
You could of course use folders on a pegasus, but they wouldn't mount as logical drives. A NAS would probably be the better solution, at least in terms of having multiple mountable volumes protectable via RAID.
I can understand your friend's concern about changing drives since Lightroom keeps internal pointers. I'm just wondering if it would be the time to byte the bullet and move everything to one logical volume. I guess that would mean creating new folders in lightroom and moving the files to the new folders. There are utilities that can make sure that you haven't lost any files, but not so sure about how to verify the Lightroom metadata. One way to do this is when you get the new system copy all of the drives and lightroom catalgoue and do the reorganizing. Use it a while to make sure everything is OK, then replace the main Library and files. Not that much of an expert on Lightroom though.