Could you post a link to the site you are using to set up the install drive? I've been able to do this on the same machine for all three OSs that you say you haven't. SL was a little different from Lion and ML, however. It sounds like it's not the thumb drive but something with your computer. What version of Disk Utility are you using to wipe the drive? If you are using Lion or even SL, could you enable debugging in Disk Utility, turn on "Show every Partition" from the Debug menu, and take (and post) a screenshot of the drive you are trying to install to?
The other possibility is that you have a bad piece of hardware. Have you checked your RAM? Also, is the pen drive fairly consistent? Have you tried booting the install drive from a different slot (the USB ports are not equal on these machines).
Nobody can help you unless you give more of an insight into the state of your drive and the process you're using to set everything up.
Edit: I read through your other thread on this topic. It sounds like your computer has a hardware issue. I had a similar problem with a first gen macbook pro. I never worked that one out. I had to install each new OS from a different computer with the MBP in target disk mode. If you have Apple Care, take the computer in and explain the issues you've been having. That said, I now wonder whether your copy came from MAS...
I am using a MacBook Air from late 2010 which is running Lion to create the bootable USB stick.
I have tried with two different USB drives. One is a thumb drive with 8GB from LaCie and the other one is an external HDD 2,5'' with 160GB (it was actually the old HDD I had on my MacBook.
My MacBook has upgraded HDD which I upgraded to a WD 500GB (as seen in my signature) and I also upgraded the RAM to 2 * 4GB from Crucial.
Leopard install fine from the original DVD and then I had before Snow Leopard updated over Leopard and consequently I updated SL to Lion.
Now that I wanted to do a clean install of ML, I get these problems.
If I click to check the thumb drive where I have the bootable image of ML I get this:
Verifying volume OS X Mountain Lion Install Disk - 10.8
Checking file systemChecking Journaled HFS Plus volume.
Checking extents overflow file.
Checking catalog file.
Checking multi-linked files.
Checking catalog hierarchy.
Checking extended attributes file.
Checking volume bitmap.
Checking volume information.
The volume OS X Mountain Lion Install Disk - 10.8 appears to be OK.
I cannot find that debug mode on Disk Utility. The version is 12.1.1
What other info can I provide? Shall I post some photos from my MacBook booting? There's not much to show...
I start up the MacBook with the option key pressed down, then I selected USB bootable image which immediately brings the Apple logo to the front and it starts loading up. Once it finishes loading up the install moves straight away to the big X window with the progress bar under and just after 2 or 3 seconds I get the message saying there was a problem with installing Mac OS X on this computer. And that's it.
When I go to disk utility on the MacBook (after the installation failed) I see my HDD which is correctly formatted, I see the SuperDrive, the USB thumb drive with one partition of the bootable image of ML and I see a "disk2" which under it has "Mac OS X Base System".
That's it...