You'll get a fresh installation of the operating system. User files will remain untouched. The only benefit to doing this is if you suspect that some of the operating system components are missing or corrupted.
Thank you for the answer.
Actually I have a problem: I can't boot into macOS. I've tried safe mode, disk aid, etc, but nothing works so far. The boot loading bar always stops at around 75%. I don't want to lose some data in my computer, but my backup in external drive isn't up to date (lesson learned). I'm glad to hear that user fills will remain untouched this way.
One more question just to make sure: I have a windows 10 partition via bootcamp in my computer. So far it works without a problem (it indicates that my problem is OS-related, not hardware related. Maybe). So, will the reinstall affect the bootcamp partition?