macOS Catalina runs great and very smooth on MacPro5,1. No need to patch or upgrade.
You just need to do these 3 simple steps for the MacPro5,1 to run macOS Catalina:
(1) install macOS Catalina on a drive on a supported Mac
(2) boot your MacPro5,1 to recovery, and then in terminal, type
sudo nvram boot-args="-no_compat_check"
(3) transfer the drive with macOS Catalina installed to the MacPro5,1 and and boot. The MacPro5,1 will now boot up macOS Catalina.