any resolution/framerate above 1440p/30 in Safari is all but gone due to the browser's lack of VP9 codec support.
Considering VP9 is a free open source competitor to the recently adopted H.265 HEVC codec (which has royalties), I don't see Google jumping ship anytime soon.
Late reply, but almost certainly the answer.
To expand: Early 4K YouTube videos were encoded in AVC / H.264. Safari can play those. Later videos, YouTube only makes higher-than-1440p or 60fps available in their VP9 codec, not in AVC/H.264. Safari / QuickTime doesn't know how to deal with VP9. So for recent videos, if you're running Safari, you're limited to 1440p and 30 fps.
The same videos should play just fine in Chrome.
Note that one big problem is that as far as I know, there is no hardware decode support for VP9 in basically any CPU or GPU older than a couple years ago. So if you have an older system 4K 60 fps may not play smoothly in Chrome, even while an AVC 4k/60 video will play perfectly smooth. That's the annoying part to me - my (Windows) work laptop can play 4K/60 AVC videos perfectly fine; but YouTube 4k/60 VP9 videos are a slideshow. (It's the only system I have that can run my 4K display at 60 Hz. Both of my Macs are limited to 30 Hz. Ironic, since both Macs are capable of decoding it without losing frames. Although all are too old for VP9 hardware decode, the Macs are both quad-core, so can just barely handle it CPU-only; my work laptop is dual-core.)