best macOS version …
[screenshot from everyman.com]
"...The best Mac OS version is the one that your Mac is eligible to upgrade to...."
--That author is either an idiot, or an "access-media" shill in Apple's back-pocket. For example, you will fast-track murder rotational hard-drives by using an APFS-requiring operating-system, and Apple was still putting those in machines as recently as 2020. (The MacOS installers do NOT check for drive type, because deliberate planned-obsolescence.) Also, any OS higher than Mojave cannot run 32bit software (which is most software), and access-media shills will not tell you that (because, in order to rope you into the brave, new subscription-model future, you much first be tricked into wiping out your oft
better-featured old-version paid-for software). Not to mention, by slavishly keeping as "current" as possible, you'll be an unpaid beta-tester dealing with all of Apple's newest bugs (such as the infamous Monterery 3rd-update that gorked everyone's Cinema Displays, meaning 95% of Photoshop professionals).
I have the exact model listed in the OP: a 2014 MBP (mine's an i7 with an SSD) with 16gb ram. I'm running Mojave in an HFS+ partition, enjoying (via Retrospective) Final Cut Pro 7 (the good one) and 10+, Logic Pro 9 (the good one) and 10+, and Adobe CS6 "Extended" (the good one) and 2020. It's greased lightning, and I can get much more work done in the leaner, cleaner, faster 32bit older versions of the productivity packages than their latest bloated subscription-model counterparts.