I'm curious; I presume the RX580 is in slot 1 and the Velocity Solo card is in slot 2. Is the card in slot 2 perfectly seated and vertical, with slot cover also correctly aligned (no contact, strain, or displacement caused by the GPU)?
I've seen DrDx report CRC errors when an adapter is just barely mis-seated (looked perfect, but wasn't) and reseating the card in the slot cured it. Some cards are more finicky than others. Testing the drive in a SATA bay, as
@bsbeamer suggests, can help determine whether the drive itself is producing CRC errors, however there is some chance that when re-installing the drive into the Velocity Solo and re-installing that into the PCIe slot the CRC errors will go away.