Sorry, should have mentioned it's a mid-2010. My other 5,1 is a mid-2012. I also have an early 2009 4,1 which is still a 4,1.It looks like your cMP is a 2009 flashed 5,1.
ASD and AHT is very very hardware specific. Even though 3S149 is for 5,1, but you still need to have the whole set of native 5,1 hardware to make it able to diagnose properly.
e.g. No hard drive may be the issue. Or 3S149 doesn't expect HD4870 (this is a 4,1 graphic card, not 5,1 graphic card).
Anyway, for your info, I can run ASD 3S149 on my 2009 flashed 5,1
But this is with a Radeon VII that can only display via UEFI GOP in ASD, and by using OpenCore.
My understanding is that 3S149 should be appropriate for both the mid-2010 and mid-2012. I use 3S132 for the early 2009 and it runs fine on that machine. I did try 3S132 on the mid-2010, but it did not work (I don't remember the specific behavior at the moment).
I did pull the 4870 from the 4,1 and put it in the mid-2010 I've been testing with, as that's the only genuine stock Mac video card I have. I do have some other video cards I could try, but I don't think that's the issue. Having a hard drive installed didn't make any difference.
Your link shows ASD OS 3S149, which I can run fine without issue. Are you able to run ASD EFI 3S149? That's the one that's hanging.