What do you mean by "...the learning kicks in..."? The OP says they have to hit the Sleep button in order to try again. You don't have to, you just hit Cancel. Learning your FID is ONLY done in Settings> Face ID & Passcode.
When FaceID has a 'failure' in recognising your face, it could be that it is the first time you have a new 'feature' and it isn't sure. As I understood it from the Apple explanations the best way to progress the AI learning is to then enter your PIN which is a way of saying "hey stupid, it really is me"
When you hit cancel, or sleep, to force a retry you aren't teaching it, you are simply performing a separate attempt against already known data points.
I hope that makes it a bit clearer of what I meant....