Android and iOS, for all their similarities, really are completely different animals.
I have personally owned the following Android phones: HTC EVO 4G, Nexus S, Galaxy Nexus, AT&T Skyrocket, Nexus 4, Galaxy S4, and the Nexus 5. I have also owned every iPhone that has been manufactured, and the 5S is my current smartphone. I'll try to break down my thoughts succinctly:
- Android is more customizable than iOS, to a point. It's a lot of little things like being able to move your folders and apps around on the screen, or leaving them in the app drawer instead of having them in the launcher. Ultimately, though, this only matters if you have a hang up about the way that iOS manages apps and the homescreens, which I don't. In some ways, I prefer the simplicity of iOS, particularly with the new folder structure of iOS 7.
- Android has a better notification system. I can only imagine that anyone who disagrees with this assertion hasn't used Android, or at least Google's version of Android (TouchWiz notifications are only slightly different). Where Apple is doing better than Android in this regard is that the Today screen is integrated into the pull down notification system, and in Android Google Now feels like a separate entity (aside from the occassional Google Now notifications, such as letting you know how long your commute is going to be, weather updates, etc.). This feeds into the next point:
- Android feels very cobbled together compared to iOS. Google has been trying to fix this by creating their own Launcher that ties features together better, but very little of the OS feels integrated. The app drawer, notifications, Google Now, widgets...they all feel like pieces of a missing whole. Android doesn't tie anything together very well, and it is truly the sum of its parts rather than a cohesive whole. This does make it so that some parts can be replaced at the user's discretion, but it also make it feel clunky sometimes too.
- Widgets: I don't get the appeal. Okay, for some at-a-glance information I guess it's nice, but I like a clean interface and most widgets definitely don't work well when that's the look you're going for. I used to have a few widgets on the screen to the right of my homescreen so I could swipe over and look at stuff like weather, but honestly it took the same amount of effort as just opening the app. Mail widgets and stuff always felt pointless to me: either I'm going to read the message (which opens the app) or delete it (which requires opening the app)...may as well just open the app. I thought Google Now's "widgets" were more useful and I thought that integrating them into the overall "at a glance" tool made sense, and Apple is essentially doing the same thing with the Today screen, so in the end I think both features end up pretty much even.
- Apps. Look, the differences between Android and iOS apps from major distributors are pretty much negligible at this point. Smaller developers seem to take more care with their apps on iOS and they generally seem more polished and stable, but in general you'll probably be able to find the same experiences on either platform. The major difference I found between the two is that iOS apps are, in general, faster and more stable. I'll give you an example: DISH has an app for watching TV on the go; on Android the app is pitiful, constantly crashing and generally slow. You often had to reload it to get it to play live TV on an Android device. On iOS, it works beautifully 99% of the time. Is this Android's fault? Likely not. But the fact that iOS gets more love from DISH is a factor in my enjoyment of the platform.
- Google. I'm really not interesting in being part of Google's ecosystem, but if you want to get the most out of an Android phone you really have to be. Yes, you can with effort work around Google and still get use out of an Android phone, but it's designed to suck you into their infrastructure and it's easier to just allow yourself to be assimilated. Apple is the same way, but I am a lot less hesitant about Apple's business model than I am Google's. I also feel like Google is constantly in beta mode with their apps and stuff: anything and everything can change at a moment's notice, whether you like it or not. Google is all too happy to shove big changes down your throat; look at how they handled Google+. I was the biggest Google fanboy in the world a few years ago: I was big into Chrome OS (was a Top Contributor or whatever we were called on the Chrome support forum) and Android, Google Drive, Gmail, Google+, all that stuff. But over time I just came to the conclusion that everything Google does is a manipulation to get more of your data, and I just got jaded about being an enthusiastic product for them to sell. I don't begrudge them for it; it has served them and their users well. I just don't want to be a part of it. They also are all too happy to use their customers as guinea pigs for their new products; they will happily sell you something that isn't quite up to snuff yet with the promise that future updates will make it better.
Bottom line: there are pros and cons to both systems, but as I've gotten older and more interested in a polished, high quality experience than playing with and tweaking my toys I've moved back to Apple for just about everything. Once iCloud Drive comes out I will sever my ties with Google almost completely (I still have a Gmail account that forwards to my iCloud email; my eighty-four year old grandfather can't stop using it for some reason).