Your T7 may show as a USB device (the ioreg command), but it does NOT show with the command diskutil list, which would show how the device is set up for use as a storage device. Your Mac appears to ignore USB storage, and apparently any USB storage.
I suspect that even if you try a device with a thunderbolt to USB adapter, that will also not show any storage on USB - even with an adapter, it still is ultimately a USB device, and the system should see it as such (I think).
As the USB bus appears to work, it could simply be a software problem with how your Mac recognizes USB storage.
I would suggest that you try a reinstall of your macOS, through your recovery system.
I would suggest that you NOT leave any USB device attached during this system reload -- nothing plugged in to any USB port.
Reboot to command-r, and choose to reinstall macOS. Should take about 30 minutes or so. That will reload the system files, and complete a reinstall, and you will boot back into your system.
Try the T7 after that reload of the system.
Works now? You should be good to go.
Nothing yet? try at least one more USB storage device. Still nothing? Then most likely a failure of the chipset on your logic board.