Based on my admittedly limited experience (I've since given up on implementing a one-size-fits-all setup with an Apple laptop and have reverted to using a 27" iMac at my desk and a MacBook Air when not at my desk) the scaling factor can make a huge difference. I've always had mine set to smaller or smallest as well because the default setting was way too large on a 27" display. However, long after I abandoned my one-device-fits-all attempts I've learned that apparently, when you select a whole-number scaling factor temperatures (and, on devices with fans, fan noise) decrease significantly. Give it a shot, set your display scaling to "Default for display" and see whether things improve.On the 4k monitor it's either scaled to most space or second most (things are smaller). I walso have Switchresx running on the laptop screen.
There are two other things you can try in addition:
a) try using it with the lid closed. That will disable the internal display, thereby reducing the load on the GPU significantly
b) raising the rear of the device by about an inch in order to ensure proper airflow underneath the laptop, which is where it dissipates heat
The third thing would be to attempt the heatpad mod but I probably wouldn't do that on a brand-new device.