Thought I'd chime in with a fix that worked for me. My issue was that my 2018 15" MacBook Pro would shut down (with no warnings) every 10-20 seconds. It was hot, and fans were blowing pretty hard. I assumed overheating.
I suspected this is a GPU issue after investigating various processes capping out resources. PRAM/NVRAM/SMC resets didn't seem to do anything. A gentleman on a different forum said, for whatever reason, turning off "Automatic Graphics Switching" in his "Energy Saver" preference pane, stabilized temps enough to run. That worked for me, but CPU usage was still bad enough to cause tediously slow interface lag.
To take some usage off the CPU I turned off anything (such as Chrome, which I use heavily for work) from using "hardware acceleration" to similarly force the system to use the discrete GPU.
I can confirm via iStat that the combination of these changes have brought CPU temps down from an idle of 180-200f to 140-170f.
It sounds like there's a few different issues on the thread, but figured I'd post my results in case someone else is scouring as I was. Something definitely seems awry with onboard graphics killing CPU usage.