I'm not at home right now, will try tomorrow. Just want to make sure about the steps.Install Mojave on another drive,
unBless the Catalina bootloader by a deep nvram reset (holding cmd-alt-p-r altogether without any pause until the box chimes 4 times),
set Mojave as startup disk by the control panel,
re-insert Catalina drive,
Mount the Catalina ESP and delete the bootloader (you can use my ESP tools for it as it gives the drive made and type),
(https://forums.macrumors.com/thread...opencore-on-the-mac-pro.2207814/post-32382081)
Now you can install Mojave on the Catalina SSD.
What happened:
I assume you deleted the container of the Catalina SSD. That did _not_ wiped the bootloader. Bootloader fakes the machine is a newer one - but this prevents booting Mojave and give the invalid board fault (forbidden sign) and shuts down after about 30 seconds. But you did not see the sign without a GPU with bootscreen.
Booting somewhere with a black screen and shutting down after a short delay is a typical symptom for the invalid board thing.
1. Remove SSD with corrupt Catalina bootloader
2. Install Mojave on another Drive
3. Set Mojave as startup disk
4. Turn off computer
5. Re-insert Catalina drive.
5. Turn on computer while holding cmd-alt-p-r altogether without any pause until the box chimes 4 times to unBless
6. Mount the Catalina ESP and delete the bootloader using your ESP tools
7. Install Mojave on the Catalina SSD
p.s also not totally sure what you mean by "mount the Catalina ESP"