I used to subscribe to the notion that you needed a clear UV filter on lenses, mainly to "protect" them. I always thought that I'd spent $1,000+ on a lens, so why not put a filter on it for protection.
I soon realised that I purchase $1,000+ lenses for their image quality, and putting a cheap filter on the front is like buying a Ferrari and swapping out the engine for a Ford Focus'.
Skip the "protecting" filters. Use the lens cap when stored and the lens hood when in use for protection.
While that is true, you can still get a good UV filter
For a started, handling the lens, remember the cap on/off, etc., can lead to smudges and dust and the major freaking out on how to clean it properly.
Once used to such things, it will be much easier to go without any protective filters.
Op, I have a similar case as the one you linked. I put my D40 in it, and toss it and the rest of the equipment in a regular backpack. Nothing fancy, but very flexible for placing whatever you want inside. Start with that and after a while you will find out what type of bag works best for you.
If you get the 50-200 for a $100, that is a pretty good price, go for it. The VR version would be better, but that is a pretty good price for a new lens.
You bought most of what you need to get started. Read the manual or a good review with details (maybe on dpreview.com or something) and get to know your camera.
Take pictures, read more, take more pictures. You will find out what works for you best and what confuses you and what you need to learn more about.
And have fun.
