It seems that this has nothing to do with the file format, and everything to do with how you are trying to send it. Even with Android to Android this would need an MMS message, which is horribly expensive and is usually set to ‘off’ by default.
Try any of the popular message apps: WhatsApp, Telegram, Signal, …
Almost all phone plans in the USA include free SMS and MMS.
MMS is a very common way iPhone and Android users communicate with each other here.