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Mine spends 95%+ of its life as a desktop replacement, branched into a powered TB3 dock. Should be interesting when it gets demoted a bit after I get myself a M5 generation Mac Studio. Battery life seems more or less normal for a nearly four year old modern laptop when I do use it “as intended”…
 
Is it the OS that intelligently knows how to not degrade the battery if left plugged in for long periods of time, or is that a hardware thing? I'm about to buy a refurbished MBP, but it will be plugged in 95% of the time - whether at my desk or elsewhere.
 
I kept my MacBook Pro plugged in for years. It was always used like a desktop - never left my desk!
Granted, once a month or so I would unplug and let the battery drain down a bit, but otherwise I used Aldente to limit my battery charging to 80% and used the battery as a 'UPS' of sorts.
Never had any issues, and my battery health was great when I sold the laptop earlier this year (replaced with a MAC Studio instead!).
 
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