There is either the Apple limited warranty that is 12 years for most Apple devices or AC+ that is 3 years for Macs and 2 years for most other Apple devices.
Is that guaranteed by consumer protection laws? Unfortunately the most that's usually guaranteed is a single year which is no better than the Apple limited warranty duration. Even in the EU the proposal to extend from 12 to 24 months was shot down due to retailer lobbying. Nobody wants to guarantee modern tech to last even 2 years.
If hardware is failing within 2 years, it can be argued it falls under the sale of goods act. There is clearly a manufacturing defect or poor choice of parts if a £1k+ computer is suffering hardware failures after just 12 months. To my knowledge retailers have not successfully been able to force the law to be changed. Pretty shady too if they did as it suggests these manufacturers do not have faith in their own products and are perhaps cutting corners to make cheap decisions if true.