I've recently been having these kernel panics relating to watchdogd for the last few weeks, tried reinstalling, a magnitude of settings...and got nothing....until today....
I use a 2018 MacBook pro with sonoma and a Philips external monitor, I was getting these crashes with or without the monitor and at varying times, randomly I just thought id change the resolution of the MacBook screen from 1680 x 1050 and drop it down by one to 1440 x 900.
Since doing this I've had zero crashes in the last 3 hours (when normally it would crash every 2 mins), so I suggest trying it and let us know how u get on.
Interesting
What solved it for me is: "I went back to Monterey"
My god do I prefer the older macOS versions
Absolutely rocket fast and snappy .. and I love having System Preferences back