Apple won't be looking at RAM available this year, they'll be forecasting what the landscape will look like in 3-4 years (or generations if Mac mini/nano isn't going to be an annual update product).
Nah. This year's computers will need to use stuff available this year. At the current rate, in 3-4 years Apple will likely be on M6 SoCs with different memory bus configurations will be or whether LPDDR7 will be out... and there will likely be MacBook Air and MacBook Pro refreshes every year to 18 months, since those are the flagship products. Odds are that Apple
will be looking at what's going to be available in 3-4 years, because they are likely
already hard at work on the M5 and probably starting to plan the M6. Most of the decisions about the M4 range would have been made a couple of years back. What will happen - probably on a shorter timescale - is that the smaller LPDDR dies will fall out of demand (esp. with 16GB becoming the minimum for Windows' AI features) and go up in price w.r.t. the larger ones and wipe out any savings Apple makes by skimping on RAM and storage.
Mac Minis, Studios etc. do seem to lag behind the curve - but that is most likely because desktops have dropped way down Apple's priority list and sell in tiny numbers - the money is in laptops and mobile, and for a lot of the 2010-2020 period many industry pundits predicted that even
laptops would be replaced by mobile (remember Tim Cook standing up on stage waving an iPad saying something like "I can't imagine why I'd want a PC!".
Yup, the Mini range got a downgrade in 2014 and languished for 4 years for an upgrade, but the Mac Pro was already an outdated design (and discontinued in the EU) by 2013, then got a... controversial re-design that languished for the next 5-6 years... and they
still don't make the "pick-up truck" mini-tower Mac that some people have wanted since 2012. so I don't think you need any explanation beyond
Now, with Apple Silicon, the desktops use the same SoCs - including RAM configurations - as laptop and iPad Pro so it should be much easier for Apple to keep them in step, and more economical to only have to make one range of SoCs. We don't really have enough data to extrapolate: the iMac missed out on M2, but skipped to M3 (maybe they just wanted to stop making M1s), the Mini was in the first batch of M1 machines (but never got the M1 Pro) and got a reasonably timely update to M2/M2 Pro - as did the Studio. Neither the Mini or the Studio got an M3 update - but then it looks like the entire M3 range was a short-term stopgap, and it doesn't look like an M3 Ultra was ever planned. So I think its really hard to pick out a Grand Plan.
There's a very old Steve Jobs led article which explains the modern Apple pricing pricing model which I'm not going to look at now where he equated Apple to a luxury brand - and they generally pick a price point and stick to it for a determined length of time.
Well, yes - the iMac has started at $1299
since 1998!!!
The MacBook Pro is trickier, but if you cheat a bit and count the regular-M3 "two port" entry-level MBP as a new line that appeared in 2016, the "full spec" MacBook Pro has been $1999 since 2006! The base Mac Mini has gone from $500 in 2005 to $700 in 2017 and then back to $600.
Let's just say that if, today, you were handed a 10 or 20 year old Mac price list with just the model names, no specs, the only real shock would probably be the $7k Mac Pro. Also,
most of the price-points stayed pretty much the same over the Intel to Apple Silicon switch (I love pointing out that a 2020 top-spec 5k 10-core iMac with
Apple's 32GB RAM upgrade costs almost exactly the same as a 12-core Mac Studio
plus Studio Display).
(Any other industry, you'd have to worry about inflation - but the sticker price on - say - a half-decent small/home-business computer - really hasn't changed much since the 1980s, even though the specs have increased by a few orders of magnitude...)
So, yes, I completely agree that Apple's marketing is based on
price points and model names (and high margins that can absorb any changes in component costs) rather than specs - but what you get at those price points has changed dramatically - both in terms of specs and design - over time.
Also, Apple do cut prices sometimes (it happened with the M2 MacBook Air when the M3 was introduced) or bump base specs without a major model change (the base iMac Pro and Mac Pro Trashcan specs all got quietly shifted up a step when they got old enough to shave).
If it starts with 16Gb RAM (due to AI) and therefore $799, then they might keep an M2 Mini 8/256 around either officially or unofficially at the third party retailers for $599 with no possibility for upgrades - just to make the new Nano look a better buy.
There's really no justification for Apple to raise prices to "pay for" a bump to 16GB. The pressure is
because similarly-priced computers offer specs and the chips for 16GB will be getting more affordable w.r.t. the smaller ones as demand increases. If Apple wants to increase their price points, they'll increase their price points and
not offer an escape route.
They've
certainly used the keep-the-old-model approach to keep a $999 MacBook Air (a strategically important price point) on the books, and it is standard procedure for the iPhone - but those are huge-volume markets that can stand a bit of product overlap, and I'm sure they sell a ton of both every time "back to school" season rolls around. That's usually accompanied by a price cut (e.g. the current $999 Air started out at $1199 when it was a new product). The Mini is
already a relatively niche product by Apple's standards and I don't see any pressure on Apple to offer anything priced below the "latest" Mini. The Mini - unlike the Air - isn't really something people buy to get email and update their Facebook page.
Whatever happens there will be refurb and old stock on sale. Also, 8GB/256GB on a $600 headless box is
already sub-par, and once the M2 processor is
two generations behind... sorry - make it $400 and I might bite.