1, the Android sources are public. Anyone can compile them. This is why unofficial ports exist for even the earliest devices. (I know - I've deployed 4.0/4.1 on a lot of pre-2011 Android handsets.)
2, Google do support their own Nexus handsets for years. It's only lazy 3rd party HW manufacturers that don't - but, again, for more popular models you will surely be able to find unofficial Android ports even after years.
3, Google have their apps in the Play Store, indepdendent of the current firmware version. That is, when they add a new feature to, say, the Maps client, it becomes available on all Android versions, even 2.3.x ones.
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Nope, it's not the rotation, it's the responsiveness of the keyboard (and even the initial presentation in many cases).