Ok, so you're referring only to an iPhone that was purchased with an older OS. I'm just wondering though about an iPhone 7 purchased new today. It has ios12 from the factory. Or at least before it's sold. Are you aware of any accounts, anecdotal or otherwise, of different, i.e., better, battery performance with a new iPhone 7 as opposed to a phone that was new with 10 or 11 but degraded after updating. I'll keep looking, but as far as I've seen, the complaints come from updaters, rather than folks who bought a 7 or 8 since ios12.
Again, my apologies if this has been discussed here already.