As an update, near as I can tell, MJPEG was removed from MacOS for webcams after Big Sur, so cameras that use that codec for higher resolutions (or lower bandwidth connections), can no longer access that, which hobbles them, or makes them useless.
Which also explains the cable related issues, since now lower bandwidth is a larger problem when the cameras are being forced to use NV12 422 or YUV 420 codec, which needs more bandwidth, especially trying to capture from them in real time.
Very frustrating.