Possibly you use Docker to provide a Linux/Ubuntu development environment but that is lightweight compared to a VM
Er... Docker for Mac
is a VM (yes, Docker itself is containerisation/sandboxing rather than VM but it needs a Linux kernel running in a Linux VM to run on Mac or Windows).
You can absolutely do "web development" with 16GB - or even 8GB - running VS Code and a simple Linux VM, testing in Chrome is no problem. I found 8GB a bit tight when I was using bloaty IDEs like Eclipse or Netbeans - VS Code seems a bit slimmer and I imagine that something like Sublime or Coda would be even more efficient.
...until your web server needs a massive SQL database, until you want Safari Firefox, Chrome,
and Edge all running for testing, with maybe Android and Windows VMs as well, plus maybe a desktop Linux...
But, yeah, if you don't
know that you need to wrangle multi-gigabyte data files, allocate a shedload of RAM to virtual machines etc. 16GB is probably going to be more than enough... and if you
do need more then you probably weren't in the market for a MacBook Air or a 2-port 13" MBP in the first place. When the replacements for the high-end 13", the 16", the 5k iMac etc. come they will
have to do better.
The frustration with Apple, though, is that
we shouldn't have to be worrying about this. If you buy a PC - or even a 5k iMac or Mac Pro - and
think you might need more RAM then it only costs a bit over $100 to buy
32GB of RAM and slap it in
alongside what was there already. Apple's $200 for a measly extra 8GB is completely usurious - but that's nothing really to do with Apple Silicon, since that's been their standard rate for years.
Actually, assuming that there really is a speed advantage to having the RAM built into the SoC package, the price is a bit more forgivable than when its a pure mark-up slapped on the same bog standard SODIMMS that you could buy for a fraction of the price elsewhere...