Compare GTX 1080 performance with Quadro P4000.
Both are the same chips, with Quadro having lower core clock(slightly). And regardless of it, it gives higher compute performance in applications.
There isn't any sort of hardware magic happening. Besides small frequency differences, the GP104 chip is the same in the GT 1080 and the Quadro P5000. Both AMD and Nvidia artificially segment some features in their windows drivers. Thats why in PcPer's review of the Vega Frontier Edition you see the GP104 based P5000 outperforming the GP102 based Titan XP. We don't really know if AMD is doing any of this with the frontier edition.
The good thing is that possibly, regardless of everything, Apple will get Radeon Pro drivers for Vega.
Luckily in macOS we don't have to deal with this sort of crap and get all the features of the GPU available.
The features that increase performance are not visible in software for two main possible reasons.
First. They are not enabled in drivers.
Second. They are enabled in drivers, but the software is not optimized to use those features.
There is a dev, who tore down the drivers, and found out that there is no Radeon Pro optimizations available.
As I have said. This GPU purpose is to give devs tool, for which they have to pay.
My point wasn't that AMD is somehow artificially withholding performance to segment this as a workstation/non-workstation part. My point is that AMD themselves don't know how to develop the optimizations for their cards or they would be in the drivers.