SubDriver’s 27 inch 2017 iMac Conversion to a Standalone 5K Display
For my conversion, I ultimately chose a relatively non-complex end state. Below are some of the decision-making considerations I went through for my conversion.
“Big Picture” Considerations:
1. I ultimately chose a relatively non-complex end state – retain the functionality of the display, the speakers, and the iMac case fan.
2. I wanted to minimize the number of cords coming out the rear of the case, so this meant re-using the power plug connector and selecting a board that supported 5K/10-bit over USB-C.
3. I wanted to have options should I choose to upgrade or add components in the future (e.g., adding a USB webcam if I find I don’t like using the Continuity Camera functionality of my iPhone).
Detailed Plans and Considerations
Power Supply Selection – I was initially planning to try to re-use the iMac power supply but I also knew I wanted to use either the JRY--SA1 board or the R1811 board, both of which operate best with 24 Vdc (plus I wanted the USB C option).
Ultimately, I elected to get a standalone 24 Vdc power supply. Options and considerations for how to power it is essentially a trade off as detailed below.
1. Use the original iMac 12 Vdc PSU and use a boost converter capable of handling at least 8-10 amps at 24 Vdc to provide power to the driver board.
a. The converters I could find are typically used in applications such as golf carts (example:
Boost Converter) (~$20US)
b. If you don’t want the option of using the USB C port for power delivery, there are smaller converters that will support 5-6 amps at 24 Vdc
c. For boost converters to deliver the amps desired, converter input should be larger than the output current. For example, to output 3A you should input 5-6A, otherwise it will not achieve the effect you want. This means the amperage input from the iMac PSU would need to be ~14-15 amps to deliver an output of 8-10 amps. Although the iMac PSU is rated for that amount of power (12Vdc x 15A = 180Watts), it would mean the PSU would be consuming more power and generating a lot more heat than I wanted just to power the driver board.
d. I could not come up with a decent location to easily mount the converter because it is 1.3 inches (33mm) tall
e. I was worried about dissipating heat from both the PSU and the boost converter
2. Buy a new PSU to deliver 24Vdc and at least 8-10 amps to ensure I could achieve everything I wanted and leave some room for potential future growth.
a. The Mean Well LRS series of power supplies are well suited to provide the power needs and flexibility (e.g., multiple taps for power) I was looking for
b. However, they are LARGE and BARELY thin enough to fit in the iMac case with the display installed.
c. They also aren’t easily mounted inside the case
d. The fact others had done their conversions with these LRS power supplies ultimately gave me the confidence to go with the LRS-350-24
Notes about the LRS-350-24 vs LRS-200-24 power supplies
1. Both are the same size (each will fit behind the display)
2. Both are essentially the same price (within ~$2US)
3. I wanted the flexibility of the additional power from the LRS-350 vs the LRS-200
4. I couldn’t find an LRS-300 or LRS-250 for a reasonable price… it is possible they may be getting discontinued because I could not find many sellers and the Mean Well website doesn’t list them as options (skips from LRS-200 to LRS-350)
5. The fan on my LRS-350 unit would come on within about a minute of powering up the display, which seemed early (setpoint is supposedly 50 deg C) – it possible my unit has a defective temperature sensor
6. The fan on the LRS-350
only has one speed and it is LOUD
7.
Ultimately, since I was planning on re-using the iMac case fan I simply disconnected the LRS-350 fan
LCD Driver Board Selection – I quickly narrowed my options down to the R1811 and JRY-SA1 because they are the only boards that have USB C connectivity AND deliver 5K/60Hz/10bit across all video input sources. I selected the JRY-SA1 over the R1811 for the following reasons:
1. The SA1 is less expensive (~$195US vs ~$295US)
2. The SA1 doesn’t require a fan for cooling
3. Audio amplifier power wasn’t much of a concern
4. I don’t have much need to be diving deeply into the on screen menu options to manipulate display and other board settings – the R1811 settings menu is far superior to the SA1, but I don’t use it often enough to make it a meaningful difference for my use case. This also means I don’t need the IR capability of the R1811 to frequently manipulate the menu.
5. The USB 3.0 ports on the SA1 might allow for additional growth/capability that the USB 2.0 ports on the R1811 won’t.
Audio Considerations – Maintaining the functionality of the iMac speakers has definite benefits and drawbacks
1. For internal computer speakers, they are very capable and high quality with separate leads for the tweeters and woofers.
a. However, this also necessitates using some form of crossovers from the driver board in order to split out the treble and bass signals appropriately for the tweeter and woofer.
b. The iMac speakers have a 4 ohm impedance – you need to ensure your crossovers will match this impedance value.
c. I recommend obtaining crossovers that have some means of adjustability (e.g., jumpers) to help you attain the best overall sound to suit your preferences.
d. Ensure the physical size of the crossovers you select will allow them to be mounted in your desired location – components on some boards are tall and will limit your mounting location options.
2. The speaker casings are LARGE and take up valuable space inside the iMac case.
Mounting the Components
1. Layout your components ahead of time to simulate how and where you will mount each item in the iMac case. Care must be taken to prevent your components from contacting metal parts of the iMac case and causing a short.
2. To provide the ability to arrange the components in the locations I wanted, I removed several of the mounting posts using a set of pliers and snapping them off. This was easier than I initially thought it would be.
3. Where possible, I used the existing screw mounts to support the components. I used one of these for one of the crossover boards and also to help with the power supply.
4. For the power supply specifically:
a. I used two of the mounts that I snapped off to support its weight at the bottom by super gluing mounts to the case and resting the power supply on them (you can see them between the crossover board and the power supply case).
b. I used 2 tie wraps which run through the upper portion of the side of the power supply enclosure and wrapped them around the screw post that was originally used as one of the hard drive supports.
5. Plastic standoff mounts and super glue do an excellent job of mounting the boards and holding them securely in place. Make sure you get super glue that is suitable for metal and plastic.
Heat Considerations
1. Depending on your use case, you may not need an exhaust fan for the iMac case.
2. If you are concerned about heat buildup, the only exhaust path for hot air are the vents in the center of the back side of the iMac case. Since these vents are not near the top of the case the amount of natural circulation will be limited. Thus, a fan of some sort should be used to pull the hot air out through the vents.
3. The original iMac fan is well suited for this by being located relatively high in the case and getting ducted directly to the vents. For the piece of ducting that directs air out the vents, I removed the copper heat sink tubing simply by bending it back and forth until it snapped – very easy to do. This preserves a properly fitting piece of duct at a critical location to ensure air from the fan is routed out of the iMac case.
4. The iMac fan operates on 12 Vdc and requires a PWM signal to control its speed. I recommend getting a PWM that has a temperature sensor included to allow you to set the fan to turn on and off at your desired temperatures while also varying the fan’s speed across an acceptable temperature range to balance cooling and noise (the iMac fan is VERY quiet are low speeds by the way)
5. Using the original iMac fan does use a significant amount of space. Other solutions are certainly possible.
Required Parts (Links below are the components I used, but others may also be suitable)
Note: Using some of the components below will require soldering in some cases, but it is not overly complex.
1.
My soldering skills are not good, but they were adequate for the amount of soldering for this conversion
2. It may be possible to do this conversion without soldering, but you will need to find some different components than some of those that I used (e.g., using wire nuts or screw type wire connectors on PCBs)
- LCD driver board – the main sources for these are StoneTaskin.com, eBay, and AliExpress. Ensure you know your specific display model and version before you purchase your board
- Power supply
- Step down voltage converter (to supply 12 Vdc to the PWM board for the iMac case fan)
- PWM board for the iMac fan – controls fan speed based on temperature
- Crossover boards for speaker functionality (these are large in size probably overkill given their 400W rating, but they were not expensive, they have jumpers that allow manipulating the sound output for both bass and treble, and the wiring connectors are easy – if space were a concern, I would probably try to find something smaller in size)
- 90 Degree DC Power Pigtails to connect the power supply to the LCD driver board (ensure you get the right internal size barrel for your board – 2.1 mm or 2.5 mm [most are 2.5mm AFAIK])
- Plastic standoff mounts with adhesive
- Super glue suitable for metal to improve the adhesion of the standoff mounts when mounting them to the iMac case
- Exhaust fan ducting – I bought this in order to fully preserve the integrity my iMac’s old motherboard for selling on eBay later
- Electrical tape / Kapton tape
Ultimately, I am very happy with the overall performance of the JRY-SA1 board.
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Future Modification Preview – I am going to attempt to re-use the 128GB Fusion Drive SSD from my iMac as detailed below. I will update the post after I get a chance to try it out.
Re-use of the iMac’s Fusion Drive SSD – My 2017 iMac used a 128GB “12+16” pin SSD for its fusion drive.
1. I didn’t want to simply pitch this valuable item but the 12+16 pin configuration is pretty much only used by Apple and I didn’t want to spend $50+ to purchase a suitable external enclosure to use it as an external drive.
2. I'm planning to use the following components to mount it internally and connect it to one of the USB A ports on the SA1 board.
Will let you all know how it goes….
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